This direction is the cumulation of various interdisciplinary research that include optical, acoustic, electrical, magnetic resonance, nuclear and electronic imaging. The importance of this field is in its ability to decipher and solve critical issues in life sciences, covering a broad spatial and temporal range from micro-level to macro-level. It further provides the tools needed to understand the basic principles of life science. In particular, biological process and disease pathogenesis can be precisely and comprehensively investigated.